Heading, Course, and Bearing
This post is made with the bias of a small sailboat coastal sailor. Its
main purpose is a reference for me. Your nautical milage will vary.
I use a Garmin GPSMAP86 for electronic navigation on my J70 Escape.
Getting caught in the fog off the coast of Santa Barbara has taught me
that it is essential to have a GPS on board that is not dependent on
externalities such as downloading maps as you go. Also, having a unit
that allows me to set waypoints from a web page and having satellite
communications is a big plus.
As a first-time user, Course and Bearing get confusing, so here are some
definitions.
- Heading
-
Heading is the direction that your bow is pointing and sailing towards.
It different than course over ground (COG), which takes into
consideration such as current and slippage. It is the actual
- Bearing
-
Bearing is the direction to your destination. As a sailor, it is the
direction to a course mark or destination. This changes if you are not
sailing towards your destination. This is important to me because it
gives me a line-of-sight direction to where I want to go.
- Course
-
Course is good, but not too useful as a small boat sailor/racer. It is
the direction of a vector or line from one waypoint to another. So, if
you round a mark, it gives you the direction to your next mark. It is
quite easy to get off course in open water sailing.